What type of motor oil is best for my engine?
The short
answer to this question is, the type specified by the vehicle manufacturer in
your owner's manual. For most passenger vehicles, almost any oil that meets the
American Petroleum Institute's ratings can suffice, be they synthetic or
petroleum based. However, there are many reasons why one might choose a certain
oil viscosity over another.
Oil Viscosity
The oil
viscosity required by vehicles depends on the climate the vehicle is being
driven in. For example if your car is constantly in very hot weather a slightly
thicker oil may be suggested to stand up against the heat. Conversely, a thick
oil would not be recommended in colder climates where it may be more prone to
freezing. Most new engines today require a multi-viscosity oil. This means the oil is a mixture of both thin oil and
thick oil. Because there is a mixture of oil viscosity they are more suited for
all-round driving. Some options for multi-viscosity oils are listed here, from
less thick to more thick, [5W-30], [10W-30], [10W-40], [20W-40].
Lighter
oils such as [ 5W-30 ] contain friction reducing additives that help improve
fuel economy and also allow the oil to quickly reach critical upper valve-train
components when a cold engine is first started. It is important for this
lighter oil to quickly reach engine components because engine wear is most
prominent during cold temperature starts.
Thicker
oils such as [40w] work well in very hot weather or engines that sustain a long
period of drive time. The thicker oil can hold up better under high
temperatures, increases oil pressure and reduces oil consumption in high
mileage engines.
Synthetic Oils
For the
most effective protection, durability and all around performance, synthetic
oils are recommended. However, because these oils are man-made and not refined
from petroleum their superior performance comes at a slightly higher price.
Synthetic
oils can withstand higher operating temperatures, up to 450 degrees, compared
to petroleum based oils, which only operate up to 300 degrees. Therefore,
synthetics are well suited for high output engines and turbo applications.
Conversely,
synthetics work just as well at sub zero temperatures. Where ordinary oils
would normally freeze at 40 or 50 degrees below zero, synthetics flow freely
making them easier for cold starts. There is no need to worry about engine wear
as the synthetic oil can quickly provide upper valve-train lubrication.
Another
strong selling point of synthetic oils is their ability to resist oxidation and
viscosity breakdown. As a result oil change intervals can be safely extended
without break down or sludge up. However, one should note that failing to
follow the Original Equipment Manufacture's scheduled change intervals could
void the vehicles warranty.
Ultimately
the premium-priced oil is best for turbocharged or supercharged engines,
performance or high output engines, vehicles used for towing, vehicles operated
in extremely hot or cold climates, or those who want superior lubrication and
protection.
